President Carter Signs Law Creating Channel Islands National Park

President Jimmy Carter signed Public Law 96-199 on March 5, 1980, establishing Channel Islands National Park as the nation's 40th national park. The legislation abolished the former Channel Islands National Monument (designated in 1938) and created an expanded park encompassing San Miguel, Prince, Santa Rosa, Santa Cruz, Anacapa, and Santa Barbara islands. Statutory boundaries included 249,561 acres of land and submerged terrain, extending to waters within one nautical mile of each island. Congress designed the statute to protect nationally significant resources including brown pelican nesting areas, unique tide pool ecosystems, pinniped breeding colonies—notably the only northern fur seal breeding site south of Alaska—distinctive Eolian landforms, archaeological evidence of substantial Native American populations, and the presumed burial location of explorer Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo. The law mandated low-intensity, limited-entry management to preserve fragile ecological systems while permitting public access. The park's establishment reflected conservation momentum following the 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill, which had galvanized public demand for coastal protection. Later in 1980, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration designated adjacent waters extending six nautical miles offshore as Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary. The dual federal designations created a comprehensive protection framework for both terrestrial and marine ecosystems in the Channel Islands region.