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National Parks Conservation Record

A documentary chronicle of U.S. national parks, monuments, wilderness areas, and marine sanctuaries—tracking how protected lands evolve through presidential actions, congressional legislation, and court decisions.

The story of American conservation is written in presidential proclamations, congressional acts, court decisions, and administrative rules. It's a story of expansion and contraction, of bipartisan cooperation and partisan conflict, of science and politics colliding over how to steward public lands and waters.

The National Parks & Conservation Record chronicles this history, event by event. We document when parks are established, monuments designated, boundaries expanded or reduced, and protections challenged in court. Every entry is backed by primary sources—Federal Register notices, White House proclamations, court opinions, and contemporaneous reporting.

Our purpose is documentation, not advocacy. We believe an accurate historical record serves everyone: conservationists seeking precedent, researchers studying policy dynamics, journalists covering current debates, and citizens who simply want to know the facts.

From Yellowstone to Bears Ears, from the Channel Islands to the Pacific marine monuments, these protected places may seem timeless—but their boundaries are shaped by decisions made by real people in specific moments. This chronicle captures those moments.

Chronicle Statistics

10
Published Events
32
Sources
19
People Referenced
1
Submissions

Tags (30)

other Atlantic/East Coast - Atlantic Ocean monuments and Eastern states
domain Biodiversity - Events focused on species protection and ecological diversity
institution Bureau of Land Management - Events involving BLM-managed monuments and conservation lands
other California - Events specific to California parks and monuments
domain Commercial Fishing - Events involving fishing access in marine monuments
institution Congress - Legislative actions affecting parks and monuments
domain Court Decision - Judicial rulings on monument-related cases
domain Cultural Heritage - Events involving archaeological sites, indigenous heritage, or historic preservation
institution Department of the Interior - Cabinet-level actions, secretarial recommendations, and DOI policy
domain Executive Action - Presidential proclamations and executive orders
institution Federal Courts - Judicial rulings on monument designations and boundaries
domain Legal Challenge - Lawsuits challenging or defending monument actions
domain Marine Sanctuary - Ocean and marine protected areas
domain Mining/Extraction - Events involving mining, drilling, or mineral extraction
domain Monument Creation - Initial designation of national monuments under Antiquities Act
domain Monument Expansion - Boundary enlargements or added protections
domain Monument Reduction - Boundary reductions or removal of protections
domain Monument Restoration - Reversal of prior reductions, reinstatement of protections
domain National Park or Monument Creation - National Park or Monument Creation
institution National Park Service - Events involving NPS-managed parks, monuments, and historic sites
institution NOAA - Events involving marine sanctuaries and ocean monuments managed by NOAA
other Pacific Northwest - Oregon, Washington, Northern California
other Pacific Region - Hawaii, Pacific territories, and Pacific Ocean monuments
other Southwest - Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada
institution State Government - State-level challenges, cooperation, or opposition to federal designations
domain Timber/Logging - Events involving timber industry and forest management
institution Tribal Nations - Events involving tribal advocacy, co-management, or sacred sites
institution U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service - Events involving wildlife refuges and FWS-managed areas
institution U.S. Forest Service - Events involving national forests and USFS wilderness areas
domain Wilderness Designation - Congressional wilderness area designations

Inclusion Criteria (8)

  • BOUNDARY_CHANGE Boundary Modification

    Expansion, reduction, or reconfiguration of protected area boundaries by presidential or congressional action.

    Tracks how protected areas grow or shrink over time, revealing conservation policy trends across administrations.

  • DESIGNATION Initial Designation

    Creation of a new national park, monument, sanctuary, or protected area through presidential proclamation or congressional act.

    Documents the establishment of protected status, the foundational event for any conservation area.

  • EXECUTIVE_REVIEW Executive Review or Recommendation

    Administrative reviews, secretarial recommendations, or executive branch assessments of monument status.

    Executive branch reviews often precede boundary changes; documenting recommendations captures policy intent even when not implemented.

  • GOV Presidential Order

    Presidential order

    Presidential order.

  • LEGAL_ACTION Legal Challenge or Ruling

    Lawsuits filed, court decisions issued, or legal proceedings affecting the status of protected areas.

    Courts play a critical role in determining the legality of monument actions; litigation shapes precedent for future designations.

  • LEGISLATIVE_ACTION Congressional Action

    Bills, resolutions, or laws passed by Congress affecting parks, monuments, or protected areas.

    Congressional action provides more durable protection than executive action; documents the legislative history of conservation.

  • PROTECTION_CHANGE Protection Level Change

    Changes to management rules, permitted activities, or protection levels within existing boundaries.

    Documents how protections strengthen or weaken without boundary changes, such as allowing or prohibiting commercial activities.

  • TRIBAL_COMANAGEMENT Tribal Co-Management

    Establishment, modification, or termination of formal tribal roles in monument or park management.

    Documents the evolving relationship between federal land management and tribal sovereignty, a growing area of conservation policy.